Background & Aims
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), a common sleep disorder, is frequently observed in patients suffering from painful Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD). The Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI), which quantifies the number of oxygen desaturations per hour of valid sleep, is an established metric for OSA detection. This study aims to evaluate the ODI in patients with painful TMD and to explore its impact on sleep quality, pain characteristics, and psychological factors.
Methods
The study included ed 120 adult patients (90% female, mean age 40.5 ± 15.2 years) diagnosed with painful TMD. Their average ODI, measured over two nights using the Biologix device, was recorded. Participants completed several questionnaires, including the Stop Bang (SB), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Catastrophizing Pain Scale (PCS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS). Pain duration was reported in months. Based on their ODI scores, patients were categorized into three groups: control group (CG – ODI <5), mild OSA compatible (MO ODI 5-15), and moderate/severe OSA compatible (MS-ODI >15). Data distribution was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, with significant differences identified using the ANOVA or Kruskal-Walli’s rank sum test and Fisher’s exact test. Correlations were determined using a correlation matrix (Jamovi software).
Results
Diagnostically, 10.8% of patients had masticatory muscle disorders, 16.7% had arthralgia, and 72.5% had both. The majority (80%) experienced pain for over three months. Of these, 25.8% were classified as mild OSA compatible and 12.5% as moderate/severe OSA compatible. Significant statistical differences were observed in age (p = 0.02 – MO – CG – p = 0.017), BMI (p = 0.002 – MSO-CG p = 0.002), Sat < 90% p 0.01 (MO – CG – p < 0.001 and MS- CG – p < 0.001), and subjective OSA (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences for other variables. Key correlations between quantitative variables included ODI with age, BMI, O2 saturation < 90%, and ESS; PCS with CPI, PSQI, and GAD7; BMI with ESS, age, and O2 saturation < 90%; PSQI with GAD7.
Conclusions
The study provided important insights into the association between OSA and painful TMD particularly focusing on the role of ODI within this relationship. It has been noted that a significant number of TMD patients, particularly those with long-term pain, are likely to show compatibility with mild to severe OSA. The correlations identified in the study highlight the complex nature of TMD and its connections to broader systemic health issues. Although the study identified significant links between the ODI and factors such as body mass index (BMI) and oxygen saturation levels, no direct correlation could be found between the ODI and aspects such as pain characteristics or general psychological factors. This indicates that although OSA is common in TMD patients, its direct effect on pain perception and psychological conditions is complex and requires further investigation.
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Presenting Author
Claudia Aparecida de Oliveira Machado
Poster Authors
Claudia Machado
Ph student
Federal University of Uberlandia
Lead Author
Rafaella Silva Brito Felipe
Federal University of Uberlandia
Lead Author
Camila Maria Bastos Machado Resende
Brasilia Institute of Higher Education
Lead Author
Leticia Resende Davi
Federal University of Uberlandia
Lead Author
Camila de Carvalho Almança Lopes
Federal University of Uberlandia
Lead Author
Juliana Stuginski-Barbosa
Bauru Orofacial Pain Group
Lead Author
Paulo Cezar Simamoto Júnior
Federal University of Uberlandia
Lead Author
Topics
- Specific Pain Conditions/Pain in Specific Populations: Orofacial Pain