Background & Aims

Headache is the most common complaint encountered and ranks as the second leading cause of disability in the world, based on the 2017 Global Burden of Headache. The frequency, intensity, and onset of headaches have a significant relationship with the incidence of specific sleep disorders, including nightmares, difficulty falling asleep, waking too early, and poor sleep quality. Sleep disturbances have been shown to have a reciprocal effect by lowering the pain threshold and increasing the frequency of headaches. The aim of this study was to prove the relationship between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Headache Disability Inventory in residents with primary headaches at Airlangga University.

Methods

This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach. The subject is taken with a non-probability sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out using an online questionnaire regarding the characteristics of respondents, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Headache Disability Inventory (HDI) questionnaires for the period July 2022.

Results

There were 54 research subjects who met the inclusion criteria; most of the research subjects came from the female group and took the 6th semester of education. The mean age of the research subjects was 31.43 ± 3.289. Based on body mass index, the mean BMI of the research subjects was 23.66 ± 2.74, which was included in the normal category. The highest level of education is in the 6th semester, with as many as 8 respondents (14.8%). The frequency of night shift in a month is at most 4 times a month for 10 respondents (18.5%), and as many as 6 respondents (11.1%) have a maximum duration of night shift 10 times a month. Based on the characteristics of the subjects, there was no relationship between age, sex, body mass index, education level, frequency of night shift, and duration of night shift with HDI. The mean PSQI score was 7.22+ 5.521, with a minimum score of 2 and a maximum of 18. Based on headache disability using the HDI instrument, the majority of respondents suffered from headaches with mild disability, as many as 21 (38.7%). There was a correlation between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Headache Disability Inventory with a very strong relationship strength (p =<0.001, rho = 0.945), and a correlation between sleep duration and HDI with moderate strength (p = 0.002

Conclusions

There is a significant relationship between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Headache Disability Inventory among residents with primary headaches.

Keywords: Headache Disability Inventory, Migraine, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Sleep Quality, Tension-Type Headache

References

Burch, R., Rizzoli, P., & Loder, E. (2020). The prevalence and impact of migraine and severe headache in the United States: Updated age, sex, and socioeconomic-specific estimates from government health surveys. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 61(1), 60–68.doi:10.1111/head.14024

James, S. L., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abdelalim, A. (2018). Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet, 392(10159), 1789– 1858. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32279-7

Jaradat, R., Lahlouh, A., & Mustafa, M. (2020). Sleep quality and health related problems of shift work among resident physicians: a cross-sectional study. Sleep Medicine, 66, 201–
206. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1258

Presenting Author

Devi Ariani Sudibyo

Poster Authors

Devi Ariani Sudibyo

MD

Neurology Staff, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga /Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital

Lead Author

E-mail

Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah

MD

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga /Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital

Lead Author

E-mail

Isti Suharjanti

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga /Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital

Lead Author

E-mail

Topics

  • Specific Pain Conditions/Pain in Specific Populations: Headache