Background & Aims
Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a clinical condition characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, gastrointestinal and cognitive alterations. Studies observe their associations with psychosocial factors like attachment styles, life events as trauma and mood disorders, and the existence of predisposing, triggering or maintaining factors influencing the clinical presentation and severity of disease. The aim of this work was to study the association of attachment styles, the presence of sexual abuse and depressive-anxiety disorders and functional disability and quality of life ‘s (QoL) level in women with Fibromyalgia in specialized care services in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Methods
A cross-sectional study with quantitative data of 95 women diagnosed with FMS was carried, using validate instruments (Clinical Assessment, Sociodemografic Questionnaire, WHODAS 2.0, WHOQOL-bref, Adult Attachment Scale-R, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory and Sexual Violence Questionnaire) in health services on Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 2021 and 2023. A descriptive analysis of patients was made in AAS-R scale (binary: safe vs unsafe); for average of the continuous disability scale was used specific characteristics: age group, level of education, severity of fibromyalgia, follow-up of mental health, sexual abuse. A chi-square test (?2) was performed in the AAS-R scale and each of the descriptive variables; as well as the Odds Ratio (OR). Students’ t-test was performed, in binary variable, ANOVA test for the others, with p-value. Statistical tests were made using SPSS version 21 software.
Results
The majority of women (44.2%) had severe anxiety and 40% of the sample had severe depression; 54.7% of patients had insecure attachment styles and 45.3% had secure attachment. Younger patients have a greater degree of disability (M=62.8, p=0.001); had been an association between FMS severity and disability (p= 0.002). The severity of depressive-anxiety disorders is associated with a worsening of disability, both in anxious and depressive symptoms. Insecure attachment was associated with both a greater severity of fibromyalgia (p= 0.039; OR=5.7 [1.1;28.5]) as a greater level of disability. The average of cases of abuse per person was 2.4 cases/individual (1.37 cases in childhood/ 1 case as adult). The lower the disability, the higher the performance in QoL: anxiety-depressive disorder is negatively associated with QoL; insecure attachment style impacts negatively quality of life in all domains. Sexual abuse had inversely proportional relationship with quality of life.
Conclusions
The findings point to the attachment style as a vulnerability factor in the most severe condition of FMS and an important factor in evaluating the functional impairment and quality of life of these patients, as well as depressive-anxiety disorder and sexual violence.
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Presenting Author
Cecilia Dal Magro
Poster Authors
Cecilia Dal Magro
Master's Degree
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ
Lead Author
Lívia Souza
Lead Author
Maira Ananda Harris Freijó
Lead Author
Mariana Guerra Barstad Castro Neves
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro - PUC-RJ
Lead Author
Mônica Rodrigues Campos
Lead Author
Renata Campos Figueiredo
Lead Author
Sandra Lúcia Correa Lima Fortes - Doctor's Degree
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ
Lead Author
Victor Souza
Lead Author
Topics
- Mechanisms: Psychosocial and Biopsychosocial