Background & Aims

Musculoskeletal pain is one of the leading global causes of disability (ERNSTZEN; HILLIER; LOUW, 2022). Self-efficacy (individual’s confidence in their ability to successfully complete tasks) (BANDURA, 1977), and self-regulation (a dynamic process in which individuals align emotions, cognitive strategies, and behaviors to achieve specific goals) (CARVER; SCHEIER, 1998), along with lifestyle (DEAN; SÖDERLUND, 2015), are elements recognized as important in biopsychosocial approaches to musculoskeletal pain. However, there remains a gap in understanding the relationship of these factors with lifestyle. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between self-efficacy, self-regulation, and lifestyle in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study recruited 73 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain from a secondary-level physiotherapy service. Individuals were assessed for self-efficacy using the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire(PSEQ-10), self-regulation using the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire(SSRQ), lifestyle using the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire(FANTASTIC). Simple linear regression examined the association between lifestyle(dependent variable) and the independent variables:age, gender, duration of chronic musculoskeletal pain, education level, occupation, satisfaction with occupation, presence of non-communicable chronic diseases.The variable showing an association(p?0.20) with lifestyle was included in multiple linear regression along with the independent variables of self-efficacy and self-regulation using the backward method.Beta values above 0.10, 0.30, and 0.50 represented a small, moderate, and large relationship, respectively.Significance level was set at 0.05.

Results

Simple linear regression demonstrated a potential association of lifestyle with satisfaction with occupation (adjusted r2 = 0.041, p = 0.049) and with the presence of NCDs (adjusted r2 = 0.023, p = 0.105). Multiple linear regression included the independent variables of self-efficacy, self-regulation, occupation satisfaction, and presence of NCDs. The final model explained 27% (adjusted r2) of the total variation in lifestyle score and showed an association of self-regulation and self-efficacy with lifestyle. The standardized coefficient (Beta) value indicated a moderate relationship of lifestyle with self-regulation (Beta = 0.36, p = 0.001) and self-efficacy (Beta = 0.31, p = 0.004). Additionally, a 1-point increase on the SSRQ self-regulation scale implied a 0.31-point increase (95% CI = 0.10 to 0.50) on the FANTASTIC questionnaire. For self-efficacy, a 1-point increase on the PSEQ-10 scale implied a 0.24-point increase (95% CI = 0.08 to 0.40) on the FANTASTIC questionnaire.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates an association of self-efficacy and self-regulation with lifestyle in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

References

ERNSTZEN, D. V.; HILLIER, S. L.; LOUW, Q. A. Synthesis of clinical practice guideline recommendations for the primary health care of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, v. 28, n. 3, p. 454–467, 2022.

BANDURA, A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, v. 84, n. 2, p. 191-215, 1977.

CARVER, C. S.; SCHEIER, M. F. On the Self-Regulation of Behavior. 1998.

DEAN, E.; SÖDERLUND, A. What is the role of lifestyle behavior change associated with non-communicable disease risk in managing musculoskeletal health conditions with special reference to chronic pain? BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, v. 16, p. 87, 2015.

Presenting Author

Carolina Matiello Souza

Poster Authors

Carolina Souza

Ph.D. Student

School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo

Lead Author

E-mail

Jaqueline Martins Priuli

University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo/Brazil

Lead Author

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Julia Assunção

School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo

Lead Author

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Camila Nicolau

School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo

Lead Author

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Anamaria Siriani de Oliveira

Universidade de São Paulo

Lead Author

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Topics

  • Assessment and Diagnosis

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