Background & Aims

Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. It is one of the cardinal symptoms of the inflammation and it is the most common reason for physician consultation in Cameroon hospitals. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can significantly
interfere with a person’s quality of life. Chronic pain affects approximately 30–50% of the population globally. To solve this problem Cameroonian traditional medicine usually use Canthium venosum.
The present work was undertaken to evaluate the antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic effects of the ethanol extract from the fruit of Canthium venosum (EECV).

Methods

Mice and rats (male and female) aged between 3 and 4 months were used. One hour after treatment with the different substances EECV (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and reference drugs (Diclofenac and Ruthenium red), animals (swiss mice) received an intra-plantar injection of a solution of allyl isothiocyanate (20 µl/paw; 500 µmol) or formalin (2.5%). These animals were immediately placed in the observation cage for quantification of spontaneous pain. Then, animals which received allyl isothiocyanate were returned to the cages for a Von Frey test at the 2nd and 4th hours. Following the Von Frey test, the acetone test were carried out. The third day after induction of inflammatory pain by subplantar injection of 50 µL of CFA in wistar rats. EECV were administered orally (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) and their anti-hyperalgesic effects were followed in acute and chronic treatments. Some parameters of oxidative stress were also assessed in animals (rats) subjected to hyperalgesia induced by CFA.

Results

The ethanolic extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) in the neurogenic phase reduced formalin-induced pain by 33.65 and 47.45% respectively. During the second phase of pain, the EECV, at the same doses, shows a significant decrease of 77.77 and 47.28% respectively. Moreover administration of EECV significantly inhibited both pain induced by allyl isothiocyanate (AI) and those induced by acetone and von Frey. For AI, EECV significantly inhibited the pain reaction with an inhibition percentage (IP) of 50.16 and 60.97% at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg respectively. Acetone-induced cold hypersensitivity was inhibited by the administration of EEVC with a dose-dependent IP of 71.55 and 81.03% respectively. These concentrations were almost equal to that of ruthenium red (83.62%). EECV significantly reduced hyperalgesia in acute and chronic treatment. Also, Nitric oxide level were significantly decreased (p<0.001) and glutathione level were increased in the right cerebral hemisphere (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The mechanisms involved in the action of EECV seem to lead to the inhibition of TRPA1 receptors, the inhibition the nitric oxide and increases of glutathione.

References

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Presenting Author

Bibiane Aimée Wandji

Poster Authors

Bibiane Aimée WANDJI

phD

Research unit of neuro-inflammatory and cardiovascular pharmacology, University of Dschang, Cameroon

Lead Author

Roger Herman Foguieng Sadié

Msc

Research Unit of Neuro-inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology. Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon.

Lead Author

Cedric Koho Wamba

Msc

Research Unit of Neuro-inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology. Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon.

Lead Author

Sorelle Mbankou Ngassam

Msc

Research Unit of Neuro-inflammatory and Cardiovascular Pharmacology. Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon.

Lead Author

Appolinaire Dongmo kene

phD

Research Unit of organic chemestry of natural substances, Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon

Lead Author

Jean Rodophe Chouna

phD

Research Unit of organic chemestry of natural substances, Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon

Lead Author

Pepin Nkeng-Efouet Alango

phD

Research Unit of organic chemestry of natural substances, Fac of Sciences. UDs. Cameroon

Lead Author

Telesphore Bénoît NGUELEFACK

University of Dschang

Lead Author

Topics

  • Treatment/Management: Complementary and Alternative therapies